Note that a temperature of 90º F combined with a humidity reading of 90 percent can yield a heat index reading of 122º F. That’s a dangerous heat index. If full sun exposure is added to the temperature/humidity mix, the heat index can rise even higher.

The Heat Index

Heat Exhaustion: Signs and Treatment

Heat exhaustion is characterized by:

• sweating
• moist, clammy skin
• weakness and fatigue
• nausea and vomiting
• slightly elevated temperature
• headache
• disorientation

If you suspect someone is suffering from heat exhaustion

DO:

• Remove the victim from the heat.
• Apply cool, wet cloths. Fan the victim, but stop if goose bumps or shivers develop.
• Give fluids if the victim is conscious. If possible, have the victim drink a mixture of one pint water with one teaspoon saltevery 30 minutes until recovered.
• Seek medical attention if there’s no improvement.

DON’T:

• Give any stimulant, including alcohol or cigarettes.
• Apply ice directly to the skin.
• Allow the victim to become so cold that he or she shivers.
• Leave the victim alone.

Heat stroke is characterized by:

• hot, dry skin
• red or spotted skin
• extremely high body temperature
• mental confusion
• convulsions
• loss of consciousness

If you suspect someone is suffering from heat stroke:

DO:

• Remove the victim from the heat.
• Remove the victim’s clothing and place him or her in a cool bath, if possible (or apply cool compresses to the body).
• Seek medical attention immediately.

DON’T:

• Give fluids.
• Give aspirin or any other medication to lower the fever.
• Give any stimulant, including alcohol or cigarettes.
• Apply ice directly to the skin.
• Allow the victim to become so cold that he or she shivers.
• Leave the victim alone.

How to avoid heat stress injury.

On the following pages, you’ll learn about the types of personal cooling technologies available for the workplace. But there are also some more fundamental things you can do to avoid heat stress injury:

• Drink fluids often.
• Gradually build up your tolerance for warmer conditions.
• Stay fit and don’t overestimate your fitness level.
• Make sure you’re aware of any medical conditions you have that may affect your tolerance of heat, as well as of the effects of medications you’re taking.
• Dress appropriately within the guidelines of safety.